出國留學(xué)網(wǎng)高考頻道在考試后及時公布各科高考試題答案和高考作文及試卷專家點評。請廣大考生家長關(guān)注，祝福廣大考生在2013年高考中發(fā)揮出最佳水平，考出好成績!同時祝愿決戰(zhàn)2014高考的新高三學(xué)員能倍加努力，在2014年高考中也能取得優(yōu)異的成績。
A
Most musicians agree that the best violins were made in Italy. They were made in Cremona, Italy, about 200 years ago. These violins sound better than any others. They even sound better than violins made today. Violin makers and scientists try to make instruments like the old Italian violins. But they aren’t the same. Musicians still prefer the old ones. No one really knows why these old Italian violins are so special, but many people think they have an answer.
Some people think it is the age of the violins. They say that today’s violins will also sound wonderful someday. But there is a problem here. Not all old violins sound wonderful. Only those from Cremona are special. So age cannot be the answer. There must be something different about Cremona or those Italian violins makers.
Other people think the secret to those violins is wood. The wood of the violin is very important. It must be from certain kinds of the trees. It must not be too young or too old. Perhaps the violin makers of Cremona knew something special about wood for violins.
But the kind of wood may not be so important. It may be more important to cut the wood in a special way. Wood for a violin must be cut very carefully. It has to be the right size and shape. The smallest difference will change the sound of the violin. Musicians sometimes think that this was the secret of the Italians. Maybe they understood more than we do about how to cut the wood.
Size and shape may not be the answer either. Scientists measured these old violins very carefully. They can make new ones that are exactly the same size and shape. But the new violins still do not sound as good as the old ones. Some scientists think the secret may be the varnish, which covers the wood of the violin and makes it look shiny. It also helps the sound of the instrument. No one knows what the Italian violin makers used in their varnish. So no one can make the same varnish today.
There may never be other violins like the violins of Cremona. Their secret may be lost forever. Young musicians today hope this is not true. They need fine violins. But there aren’t very many of the old violins left. Also, the old violins are very expensive. Recently, a famous old Italian violin was sold for about US$300,000! 1. This passage is about . A. making violins
B. musical instruments
C. scientific ideas D. the old Italian voilins
答案解析：答案為D。本題為主旨大意題。 第一段最后一句話 “No one really knows why these old Italian violins are so special, but many people think they have an answer.” 引入話題，為什么古老的意大利小提琴如此特別，很多人認(rèn)為他們知道答案，后文分別給出了不同人的答案，最后一段對問題的答案進(jìn)行總結(jié) “There may never be other violins like the violins of Cremona. Their secret may be lost forever.” 意大利小提琴的秘密或許永遠(yuǎn)消失了，無人知曉。全文都是圍繞古老的意大利小提琴展開。故答案為D。 2. The best violins .
A. are made with modern techniques B. were lost many years ago C. were made in Italy 200 years ago D. were made by scientists 答案解析：答案為C。本題為細(xì)節(jié)題。由第一段第一、二句話 “Most musicians agree that the best violins were made in Italy. They were made in Cremona, Italy, about 200 years ago.” 可知，答案為C。 3. Some people think that modern violins . A. will sound better in the future B. will sound worse in the future C. sound wonderful and natural
D. will never be as old as those from Cremona
答案解析：答案為A。本題為細(xì)節(jié)題。結(jié)合第二段和該段第二句話 “They say that today’s violins will also sound wonderful someday.” 可知，一些人認(rèn)為現(xiàn)代小提琴有一天也會演奏出優(yōu)美的旋律，故A選項正確。B、C選項與文意不符，D選項未提及。
4. Violins made today .
A. look the same as the old ones B. sound the same as the old ones C. are better than the old ones D. have the same varnish as the old
ones
答案解析：答案為A。本題為推理題。由倒數(shù)第二段 “They can make new ones that are exactly the same size and shape. But the new violins still do not sound as good as the old ones.” 可知，科學(xué)家可以制作出和意大利小提琴一樣大小和形狀的小提琴，但是新的小提琴音質(zhì)就是不如意大利小提琴好，故A正確，B、C錯誤。由該段最后兩句話 “No one knows what the Italian violin makers used in their varnish. So no one can make the same varnish today.”可知，D選項錯誤。
B
Are you preparing for a big test? If so, you may want to go play some basketball in between hitting the books. Doctors are starting to find more
and more information that suggests a connection between exercise and brain development. Judy Cameron, a scientist at Oregon Health and Science University, studies brain development. According to her research, it seems that exercise can make blood vessels(血管), including those in the brain, stronger and more fully developed. Doctor Cameron is sure that this allows people who exercise to think better. As she says, “ while we already know that exercise is good for the heart, exercise can actually cause physical changes in the brain.”
The effects of exercise on brain development can even be seen in babies. Babies who do activities that requires a lot of movement and physical activity show greater brain development than babies who are less physically active. Even a little movement can show big results. Margaret Barnes, a scientist, also believes in the importance of exercise. She thinks that many learning disabilities that children have in primary school or high school can result from a lack of movement as babies. “Babies need movement that encourages and excites their five senses. They need to set up a connection between motion and memory. In this way, as they get older, children will begin to connect physical activity with higher learning,” says Margaret.
Older people can develop their brains as well. Cornell University studied a group of seniors who have a short—term memory increase of up to 40 percent after exercising just three hours a week. The exercise does not have to be very difficult, but it does have to increase the heart rate. Also, just like the motion for babies, exercise for older people should not be too simple. Learning some new skills or actions, such as with yoga or tai-chi helps to open up memory paths in the brain that may not have been used for a long time. For most people, any type of physical activity that increases the heart rate is helpful. The main aim is to increase the brain’s flow of blood. And your brain can benefit from as little as two to three hours of exercise a week.
1. What is the main idea of this passage? A. How exercise makes people strong. B. How to get good scores on a test.
C. How exercise helps the brain. D. How the brain can change. 答案解析：答案為C。本題為主旨大意題。第一段就點出了全文的中心
“According to her research, it seems that exercise can make blood vessels, including those in the brain, stronger and more fully developed.”，鍛煉可以使血管，包括大腦里的血管更結(jié)實、發(fā)育更好，后面的段落分別對中心進(jìn)行闡述證明。故答案為C。
2. According to the passage, what is the connection between exercise and
brain development?
A. Exercise helps make our blood vessels. B. Physical exercise helps us think better. C. The brain needs special mental exercise. D. The more exercise, the bigger the brain.
答案解析：答案為B。本題為細(xì)節(jié)推理題。由第一段 “According to her
research, it seems that exercise can make blood vessels, including those in the brain, stronger and more fully developed. Doctor Cameron is sure that this allows people who exercise to think better.” 可知，答案為B。
3. The smallest amount of exercise required to gain any benefit is .
A. three hours per week B. 40 hours per week C. three hours per day D. 40 hours per month 答案解析：答案為A。本題為細(xì)節(jié)題。由最后一段最后一句話 “And your brain can benefit from as little as two to three hours of exercise a week.”可知，答案為A。
4. Why is yoga suggested for seniors?
A. It does good to the joints of old people. B. It does not increase the heart rate. C. It includes learning new actions
D. It can be done in groups.
答案解析：答案為C。本題為推理題。由最后一段 “Learning some new skills or actions, such as with yoga or tai-chi helps to open up memory paths in the brain that may not have been used for a long time. For most people, any type of physical activity that increases the heart rate is helpful.”，可知C選項正確。A、D選項未提及;B選項與文意相反。故答案為C。
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