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A
NOT all memories are sweet. Some people spend all their lives trying to forget bad experiences. Violence and traffic accidents can leave people with terrible physical and emotional scars. Often they relive these experiences.
Now American researchers think they are close to developing a pill, which will help people forget bad memories. The pill is designed to be taken immediately after a frightening experience. They hope it might
reduce , or possibly erase(抹去), the effect of painful memories. In November, experts tested a drug on people in the US and France. The drug stops the body releasing chemicals that fix memories in the brain. So far the research has suggested that only the emotional effects of
memories may be reduced, not that the memories are erased. The research has caused a great deal of argument. Some think it is a bad idea, while others support it. Supporters say it could lead to pills that prevent or treat soldiers' troubling memories after war. They say
that there are many people who suffer from terrible memories. "Some memories can ruin people's lives . They come back to you when you don't want to have them in a daydream or nightmare. They usually come with very painful emotions," said Roger Pitman, a professor of psychiatry
at Harvard Medical School. "This could relieve a lot of that suffering." But those who are against the research say that changing memories is very dangerous because memories give us our identity (特質(zhì)). They also help us all avoid the mistakes of the past.
"All of us can think of bad events in our lives that were horrible at the time but make us who we are. I'm not sure we want to wipe those memories out, "said Rebecca Dresser, a medical ethicist(論理學(xué)家).
Some people fear that although the drug would first be uesed in only very serious cases, it would become more and more common. “ People always have the ability to misuse science,” said Joseph Le Doux, a New York University memory researcher.” All we want to do is to help people have better control of memories.”
1. What’s the main idea of this passage? A People often suffer from bad memories.
B American researchers are trying to develop a pill. C Forget bad memories, and be happy.
D The researh has caused a heated argument.
答案解析：答案為D。本題為主旨大意題。第一段引出話題人們想忘記痛苦的回憶，第二、三段介紹科學(xué)家研究可以消除痛苦回憶的藥物，該研究引起了人們的激烈爭(zhēng)論，有人支持，有人反對(duì)，文章的重心著重于人們的爭(zhēng)論，文章的大意就是“研究引起了激烈的爭(zhēng)論”。 故答案為D。
2. The underlinded word “ it “ in Para 4 refers to _______
A the new drug B the research into the drug C the bad memory D the chemical drug 答案解析：答案為B。本題為詞義推理題。結(jié)合劃線的 “it” 出現(xiàn)的語(yǔ)境 “The research has caused a great deal of argument. Some think it is a bad idea, while others support it.” 可以推斷，“it”指代的是“the research”，再結(jié)合前面第二、三段的內(nèi)容可知，“it”指代的是對(duì)藥物的研究，故答案為B。 3. Which of the opinions is NOT the opinion of the supporters? A The pill can erase all the memories of the past B Some memories can ruin people’s lives. The pill can relieve emotional suffering.
C The pill can also help many other types of people who suffer from terrible memories.
D The pill can prevent or treat troubling memories in soldiers after war.
答案解析：答案為A。 本題為細(xì)節(jié)題。由第四段 “Supporters say it could lead to pills that prevent or treat soldiers' troubling memories after war. They say that there are many people who suffer from terrible memories.” 和第五段 “Some memories can ruin people's lives . They come back to you when you don't want to have them in a daydream or nightmare. They usually come with very painful emotions,” 可知，B、C、D選項(xiàng)是支持者的意見。 A選項(xiàng) “藥物可以抹去所有過去的回憶”表達(dá)有誤。故答案為A。 4. Which of the opinion is not the opinion of the opponents? A Our memories give us our identity.
B The memories help human avoid mistakes of the past. C The drug should be used in only very serious cases.
D People may not be sure whether they want to wipe the memories out. 答案解析：答案為C。本題為細(xì)節(jié)題。由第六、七段可知，A、B、D選項(xiàng)都是反對(duì)者的意見。由最后一段首句 “ Some people fear that although the drug would first be uesed in only very serious cases?”可知，C選項(xiàng)是文中的一個(gè)事實(shí)，不是反對(duì)者的意見，故答案為C。
B
Maggie was very glad that James was not a frequent visitor to the house. So far as the children were concerned, they had a mystery about him that stirred their imagination. He stirred Maggie’s anger, however, so that she often said to her husband, “It’s mercy that brother of yours doesn’t come often.”
In fact James came once a year, unexpectedly, around eight o’clock in the evening, and he stayed for six hours of close discussion with his brother. His arrival was a signal to the children that their bedtime would be delayed. Not that he ever spoke to them or played with them. He took no notice of them, as if he was unable to see children, at least until the time came for him to go. Instead, after his first greeting and a careless kiss, James took no notice of Maggie either, except to add,“You’ll be getting on with the supper, Maggie.” Such was his regard for her.
Maggie paid him back in her own way. She kept the children up, the four of them, to keep her company, she said, but of course they sang and made a noise and broke the endless sound of James’s voice. Very late, they dropped off to sleep in their chairs. Then, when James was about to go, Maggie woke them up and so more or less forced him to part with four shillings before he left. That gave her some satisfaction, for James, though rich, was mean. He always went home by the last train, just after two o’clock.
Maggie’s children secretly stared at their uncle. They could not forget that he had, in their mother’s words, “l(fā)ost two wives and taken a third, ” They wondered about those two unfortunate lost ladies. They asked each other what their fate had been, and if neither could ever be found again. James never brought his third wife with him nor ever mentioned her. The children decided that he must be so frightened of losing her that he never allowed her outside the door.
1. The underlined word “mercy” in the text most probably means _______. A. loss B. wonder
C. lucky thing D. terrible thing
答案解析：答案為C。本題為詞義猜測(cè)題。由第一段的內(nèi)容可知，Maggie非常高興James不常來她家，James的到來只會(huì)讓Maggie生氣，于是她對(duì)她丈夫說：“你的弟弟不常來真是一件不錯(cuò)的事情?！?故 “mercy” 意思就是 “l(fā)ucky thing(幸運(yùn)事)”。故答案為C。
2. Maggie never prepared anything special for James because _______. A. he was a man difficult to please B. she never knew when he was coming
C. she was too busy looking after her children D. he never stayed long enough for a meal
答案解析：答案為B。本題為推理題。文中雖沒有提及Maggie從不為James 準(zhǔn)備特別的東西，但是可以根據(jù)文中第二段首句 “In fact James came once a year, unexpectedly, around eight o’clock in the evening?” 推斷，James一年只來一次，而且是沒有預(yù)料地到來，所以Maggie從不為James 準(zhǔn)備特別的東西。故答案為B。
3. What do we know about James’ behavior?
A. He was a kind man, with love for the family. B. He was generous, especially towards his brother.
C. He was anxious to please the family, especially the kids. D. He was rude to his sister-in-law. 答案解析：答案為D。本題為推理題。由第二段后面的內(nèi)容 “Instead, after his first greeting and a careless kiss, James took no notice of Maggie either, except to add, “You’ll be getting on with the supper, Maggie.” Such was his regard for her.” 可知James 不注意Maggie，除了說一句問候的話，可以推斷，他對(duì)他的嫂子非常粗魯，故答案為D。 4. Maggie felt pleased when _______.
A. she paid James the money that she owed him B. James gave some money to the children
C. she had to wake James up to catch his train D. James thanked her for the nice supper
答案解析：答案為B。本題為細(xì)節(jié)推理題。由第三段 “Then, when James was about to go, Maggie woke them up and so more or less forced him to part with four shillings before he left. That gave her some satisfaction, for James, though rich, was mean.”可知，當(dāng)James要離開的時(shí)候，Maggie把孩子們喚醒，或多或少地逼James給四個(gè)先令的錢孩子們，這才讓她感到些許滿意，因?yàn)镴ames雖然有錢但是非常小氣。 故答案為B。
5. The children did not realize that two of James’ wives _______. A. had been dead B. suffered from loss of memory C. had run away from him D. might appear again one day 答案解析：答案為A。本題為細(xì)節(jié)推理題。由最后一段 “Maggie’s children secretly stared at their uncle. They could not forget that he had, in their mother’s words, “l(fā)ost two wives and taken a third, ” They wondered about those two unfortunate lost ladies. They asked each other what their fate had been, and if neither could ever be found again.” 可知，Maggie對(duì)孩子們說James失去了兩位妻子，又娶了第三個(gè)，但是孩子們卻想知道那兩位不幸的妻子，他們彼此討論兩位妻子的命運(yùn)是怎樣的，是不是都找不到了。可以推斷，孩子們并不知道James的兩位妻子已經(jīng)死去。故答案為A。
2013高考英語(yǔ)試題分類小結(jié)篇：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞與虛擬語(yǔ)氣
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