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According to the US government, wind farms off the Pacific coast could produce 900 gigawatts of electricity every year. Unfortunately, the water there is far too deep for even the tallest windmills (see picture) to touch bottom. An experiment under way off the coast of Norway, however, could help put them anywhere.
The project, called Hywind, is the world's first large??scale
deepwater wind turbine (渦輪發(fā)電機). Although it uses a fairly standard
152??ton, 2.3??megawatt turbine, Hywind represents totally new technology. The turbine will be fixed 213 feet above the water on a floating spar ( see picture), a technology Hywind's creator, the Norwegian company StatoilHydro, has developed recently. The steel spar, which is filled with stones and goes 328 feet below the sea surface, will be tied to the ocean floor by three cables (纜索); these will keep the spar stable and prevent the turbine from moving up and down in the waves. Hywind's stability (穩(wěn)定性) in the cold and rough sea would prove that even the deepest corners of the ocean are suitable for wind power. If all goes according to plan, the turbine will start producing electricity six miles off the coast of southwestern Norway as early as September.
To produce electricity on a large scale, a commercial wind farm will have to use bigger turbines than Hywind does, but it's difficult enough to balance such a large turbine so high on a floating spar in the middle of the ocean. To make that turbine heavier, the whole spar's centre of gravity must be moved much closer to the ocean's surface. To do that, the company plans to design a new kind of wind turbine, one whose gearbox (變速箱) sits at sea level rather than behind the blades (see picture).
Hywind is a test run, but the benefits for perfecting floating wind??farm technology could be extremely large. Out at sea, the wind is often stronger and steadier than close to shore, where all existing off??shore windmills are planted. Deep??sea farms are invisible from land, which helps overcome the windmill??as??eyesore objection. If the
technology catches on, it will open up vast areas of the planet's surface to one of the best low??carbon power sources available.
1. The Hywind project uses totally new technology to ensure the stability of ________.
A. the cables which tie the spar to the ocean floor
B. the spar which is floating in deep??sea water
C. the blades driven by strong and steady sea wind
D. the stones filled in the spar below the sea surface
2. To balance a bigger turbine high on a floating spar, a new type of turbine is to be designed with its gearbox sitting
________.
A. on the sea floor
B. on the spar top
C. at sea level
D. behind the blades
3. Wide applications of deepwater wind power technology can
________.
A. solve the technical problems of deepwater windmills
B. make financial profits by producing more turbines
C. settle the arguments about environmental problems
D. explore low??carbon power resources available at sea
答案與解析
1.B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第三句可知，該工程采用了全新的技術(shù)，是為了確保漂浮在深海水域中的圓材的保持穩(wěn)定。
2.C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句可知，為了使較大的渦輪發(fā)電機能在圓材上保持平衡，公司計劃設(shè)計新的發(fā)電機，其變速箱在海平面上。
3.D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句可知，深海風(fēng)能技術(shù)的廣泛應(yīng)用會在海洋上開發(fā)出可使用的最好的低碳能源之一。
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