2013高考英語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)從句典型易錯(cuò)陷阱題

字號(hào):


    _________ with the right knowledge can give first aid.
    A. Who          B. Whoever       C. Anyone        D. Who ever
    【分析】此題容易誤選B,主要受以下這類(lèi)句子的影響而形成思維定勢(shì):
    Whoever says that is lying. 誰(shuí)那樣說(shuō),誰(shuí)就是在說(shuō)謊。
    Whoever breaks this law deserves a fine. 違反本法者應(yīng)予以罰款。
    Whoever comes first can get a ticket free. 誰(shuí)先來(lái)誰(shuí)就可以免費(fèi)得到一張票。
    以上各例中的 whoever 引導(dǎo)的均為主語(yǔ)從句,它們均可換成 anyone who,但不能換成 anyone。上面的試題從表面上看,與以上各例很相似,其實(shí)有本質(zhì)的不同,即 _________ with the right knowledge 中沒(méi)有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,所以我們不能選 whoever。此題的正確答案為C,anyone 為句子主語(yǔ),with the right knowledge 為修飾 anyone 的定語(yǔ)。請(qǐng)做以下試題:
    (1) _________ with a good education can apply for the job.
    A. Who          B. Whoever        C. Anyone        D. Who ever
    (2) _________ has a good education can apply for the job.
    A. Who          B. Whoever        C. Anyone        D. Who ever
    (3) _________ having a good education can apply for the job.
    A. Who          B. Whoever        C. Anyone        D. Who ever
    (4) _________ seen smoking here will be fined.
    A. Who          B. Whoever        C. Anyone        D. Who ever
    (5) _________ is seen smoking here will be fined.
    A. Who          B. Whoever        C. Anyone        D. Who ever
    (6) _________ smoking here will be fined.
    A. Who          B. Whoever        C. Anyone        D. Who ever
    (7) _________ smokes here will be fined.
    A. Who          B. Whoever        C. Anyone        D. Who ever
    第(1)題選C,介詞短語(yǔ)with a good education 為修飾 anyone 的定語(yǔ);
    第(2)題選B,whoever has a good education 為主語(yǔ)從句;
    第(3)題選C,現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)having a good education 為修飾 anyone 的定語(yǔ);
    第(4)題選C,過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)seen smoking here 為修飾 anyone 的定語(yǔ)(可視為 anyone who is seen smoking here 之省略);
    第(5)題選B,whoever is seen smoking here 為主語(yǔ)從句;
    第(6)題選C,現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)smoking here 為修飾anyone 的定語(yǔ);
    第(7)題B,whoever smokes here 為主語(yǔ)從句。
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