虛擬語(yǔ)氣的基本形式共有七種。
1)動(dòng)詞原形，用于一切人稱和數(shù)。如：
(1)Long live the Communist Party of China! 中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨萬(wàn)歲!
(2)If that be so, we shall take action at once. 如果情況是那樣，我們就立即采取行動(dòng)。
2)動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式，用于一切人稱和數(shù)，be的過(guò)去式用were.如：
(3)If you loved me, you wouldn't say that. 假若你愛(ài)我，你就不會(huì)說(shuō)這種話。
(4)If I were in your shoes, I'd accept the terms. 假若我處在你的地位，我就會(huì)接受這些條件。
3)had+過(guò)去分詞，用于一切人稱和數(shù)。如：
(5)We would've called a cab if Harold hadn't offered us a ride home. 假若哈羅德不說(shuō)要駕車送我們回家，我們就會(huì)叫出租車。
(6)If we had left earlier, we wouldn't have missed the train. 假若我們?cè)琰c(diǎn)起身的話，我們是不會(huì)錯(cuò)過(guò)火車的。
4)時(shí)態(tài)助動(dòng)詞should+動(dòng)詞原形，用于一切人稱和數(shù)。如：
(7)They suggested that we should meet at the station. 他們建議我們?cè)谲囌緯?huì)面。
(8)If you should see Celia, give her my best wishes. 假若你見(jiàn)到希莉婭的話，代我向她致以最好的祝愿。
5)時(shí)態(tài)助動(dòng)詞should+have+過(guò)去分詞，用于一切人稱和數(shù)。如：
(9)If the steamer should have left port at noon, it will be passing through the canal now. 輪船如果中午離港，它現(xiàn)在大概正穿過(guò)運(yùn)河。
(10)It is strange that she should have done it. 真奇怪，她竟會(huì)干出這種事來(lái)。
6) 動(dòng)詞原形。如：
(11)If I were you, I should take his advice. 我如是你，就會(huì)聽(tīng)他的忠告。(美國(guó)英語(yǔ)常用would代替should)
(12)He said he would go if I went. 他說(shuō)我去他就去。
7)時(shí)態(tài)助動(dòng)詞should(第一人稱)和would(第二、三人稱)+ have+過(guò)去分詞。如：
(13)If father hadn't sent me, I shouldn't have come. 如不是父親派我來(lái)，我是不會(huì)來(lái)的。(美國(guó)英語(yǔ)常用would代替should)
You wouldn't have seen her if it hadn't been for him. 如果不是他，你就不會(huì)見(jiàn)到她。
[注]虛擬時(shí)態(tài)有不少與直陳語(yǔ)氣的某些時(shí)態(tài)形式相同，但二者的內(nèi)涵及其所表的時(shí)間皆不一樣，切不可混淆。
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