With是個(gè)介詞，基本的意思是“用”，但它也可以協(xié)助構(gòu)成一個(gè)極為多采多姿的句型，在句子中起兩種作用;副詞與形容詞。
with在下列結(jié)構(gòu)中起副詞作用：
1.“with+賓語+現(xiàn)在分詞或短語”，如：
(1) This article deals with common social ills, with particular attention being paid to vandalism.
2.“with+賓語+過去分詞或短語”，如：
(2) With different techniques used, different results can be obtained.
(3) The TV mechanic entered the factory with tools carried in both hands.
3.“with+賓語+形容詞或短語”，如：
(4) With so much water vapour present in the room, some iron-made utensils have become rusty easily.
(5) Every night, Helen sleeps with all the windows open.
4.“with+賓語+介詞短語”，如：
(6) With the school badge on his shirt, he looks all the more serious.
(7) With the security guard near the gate no bad character could do any thing illegal.
5.“with+賓語+副詞虛詞”，如：
(8) You cannot leave the machine there with electric power on.
(9) How can you lock the door with your guests in?
上面五種“with”結(jié)構(gòu)的副詞功能，相當(dāng)普遍，尤其是在科技英語中。
接著談“with”結(jié)構(gòu)的形容詞功能，有下列五種：
一、“with+賓語+現(xiàn)在分詞或短語”，如：
(10) The body with a constant force acting on it. moves at constant pace.
(11) Can you see the huge box with a long handle attaching to it ?
二、“with+賓語+過去分詞或短語”
(12) Throw away the container with its cover sealed.
(13) Atoms with the outer layer filled with electrons do not form compounds.
三、“with+賓語+形容詞或短語”，如：
(14) Put the documents in the filing container with all the drawers open.
四、“with+賓語+介詞短語”，如：
(15) The young lady with a red ribbon on her head is my former maths teacher.
(16) Do you know the gentleman with both hands in his pockets?
五、“with+賓語+副詞虛詞，”如：
(17) Is there any water in the kettle with this cover off ?
(18) Out went the boy scouts with their uniforms on.
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