v-ing形式是英語(yǔ)中非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的一種,它在句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)。
一、 v-ing形式作主語(yǔ)
表示泛指意義的行為。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)。如:
Saving money is a good habit.
二、 v-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)
1. 有些動(dòng)詞后常跟v-ing形式作賓語(yǔ),常見(jiàn)的有finish, practice, enjoy, suggest, keep, mind, advise等。如:
A young man practiced speaking English with Mr. Green just now.
2. 有些動(dòng)詞詞組或某些結(jié)構(gòu)后常跟v-ing形式,常見(jiàn)的有g(shù)ive up, look forward to, feel like, pay attention to, put off, succeed in, be / get used to, can’t help, be interested in, be afraid of, be busy等。如:
He gave up smoking in the end.
[友情提示]
1. 某些動(dòng)詞后既可跟動(dòng)詞不定式,也可跟v-ing形式作賓語(yǔ),但表達(dá)的意思不同,常見(jiàn)的有remember to do sth. (記住去做某事), remember doing sth. (記得做過(guò)某事);forget to do sth. (忘記去做某事), forget doing sth.( 忘記做過(guò)某事); stop to do sth. (停下來(lái)去做另一件事), stop doing sth (停止做某事); try to do sth.(盡力做某事), try doing sth.(嘗試做某事)等。
2. 還有一些動(dòng)詞后面既可跟動(dòng)詞不定式,也可跟v-ing形式作賓語(yǔ),但表達(dá)的意思無(wú)多大區(qū)別,常見(jiàn)的有l(wèi)ove, like, hate, prefer, begin, start, continue等。
三、 v-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)
通常表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行,能帶這類(lèi)結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞多為感官動(dòng)詞(如see, watch, hear等)以及某些使役動(dòng)詞(如keep, get 等)。如:
I saw him walking into the hall.
[友情提示]
v-ing形式和動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的區(qū)別是:v-ing形式表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行,而動(dòng)詞不定式表示動(dòng)作的完成。如:
I heard her singing in the next room.(我聽(tīng)到她正在唱歌)
I heard her sing in the next room. (我聽(tīng)到她唱歌了)
四、 v-ing形式作表語(yǔ)
v-ing形式作表語(yǔ)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)或狀況。如:
My hobby is reading.
五、 v-ing形式作定語(yǔ)
v-ing形式作定語(yǔ)表示用途,常放在所修飾詞的前面。如:
He is now in the sleeping car. 他現(xiàn)在在臥鋪車(chē)?yán)铩?BR> [跟蹤練習(xí)] 選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
( )1. It’s a good habit to practice ________ English aloud every morning.
A. to read B. reading
C. in reading D. to be reading
( )2. _____________ is bad for our health.
A. To do eye exercises
B. Go to bed early
C. Eating too much
D. Taking a walk after lunch
( )3. —Let’s have a rest, shall we?
—Not now. I don’t want to stop _______ the letter yet.
A. write B. to write
C. writing D. and write
( )4. I’m sorry to have kept you _________ for almost two hours.
A. wait B. to wait
C. waiting D. waited
( )5. The worker is busy _________ in the workplace.
A. work B. to work
C. works D. working
( )6. —Do you still remember _________ me some-where in Shanghai?
—Yes, of course. Two years ago.
A. to see B. see
C. seeing D. saw
大連 蘇玉杉
Key: 1-6 BCCCDC
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