中考英語易錯(cuò)題(15)
湖北省宜昌市第五中學(xué) 葛 林
1. gold
[誤]She brushed her gold hair carefully.
[正]She brushed her golden hair carefully.
[析]gold作形容詞指“金質(zhì)的”，如：a gold ring, a gold coin, 而golden是“金色的”，如：golden age(金色的時(shí)代)，但“金魚”例外，為gold fish.
2. good
[誤]I've been waiting for good twenty minutes.
[正]I've been waiting for a good twenty minutes.
[析]a good之意為“足足”“整整”之意。
good, well
He is good. 應(yīng)譯為“他是個(gè)好人。”而He is well. 應(yīng)譯為“他身體不錯(cuò)?！盜 feel good. 即精神狀態(tài)良好，而I feel well.即身體狀況不錯(cuò)。
[誤]This food is very good to you.
[正]This food is very good for you.
[析]be good for是“對(duì)……有利、有好處”，而be good to是指“對(duì)待某人不錯(cuò)”，如：Your friend is very good to me.
3. grade
[誤]--- What grade are you in? --- I'm in grade 1.
[正]--- What grade are you in? --- I'm in Grade 1.
[析]當(dāng)泛指那一年級(jí)時(shí)grade的頭一個(gè)字母小寫，當(dāng)有具體數(shù)字時(shí)則要大寫。
4. had better
[誤]You have better hurry.
[正]You had better hurry.
[析]had better只用過去時(shí)had，不要誤用成現(xiàn)在時(shí)have.
[誤]You hadn't better worry.
[正]You had better not worry.
[析]had better后面加不帶to的不定式，其否定式是“had better not+動(dòng)詞原形”。
5. half
[誤]I had driven about half mile.
[正]I had driven about half a mile.
[析]“半小時(shí)”有兩種講法：half an hour, a half hour. 而“一個(gè)半小時(shí)”應(yīng)講an hour and a half或one and a half hours.“半天”應(yīng)講half a day，“半鎊”應(yīng)講half a pound.但要盡量避免使用half a year，而應(yīng)用six months;不用half a month, 而用two weeks或fifteen days.
[誤]Half us could go to the park.
[正]Half of us could go to the park.
[析]half用于名詞前可用of結(jié)構(gòu)也可不用of結(jié)構(gòu)，但用于代詞前則必須加of. 如：More than half (of) my classmates are boys.
[誤]One and half apples are left on the table.
[正]One and half apples is left on the table.
[析]一個(gè)半(one and half)后面的名詞要用復(fù)數(shù)，而句中的謂語動(dòng)詞卻要用單數(shù)。
[誤]Half of the work are done.
[正]Half of the work is done.
[誤]Half of the six apples is red.
[正]Half of the six apples are red.
[析]“half of+名詞”這一結(jié)構(gòu)后面的謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與of后面的名詞相一致，如為不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，要用單數(shù)謂語動(dòng)詞;而復(fù)數(shù)名詞后面要加與復(fù)數(shù)相對(duì)應(yīng)的謂語動(dòng)詞
6. hand
[誤]He shook hand with his teacher.
[正]He shook hands with his teacher.
[析]與某人握手要用shake hands. 與hand有關(guān)的詞組中有很多要用復(fù)數(shù)形式，如：change hands(轉(zhuǎn)手、易手)，in the hands of (由……控制)，join hands(與人合作)。
7. happen
[誤]What was happened to you last month?
[正]What happened to you last month?
[誤]An accident was happened in this street last night.
[正]An accident happened in this street last night.
[析]在英語中不及物動(dòng)詞沒有被動(dòng)態(tài)，作為“發(fā)生”講的happen，take place和break out都不具有被動(dòng)態(tài)。happen to常用來表達(dá)一件偶然發(fā)生的事，如：If you happen to meet my sister please ask her to call me.
8. hard
[誤]I have to study hardly.
[正]I have to study hard.
[析]hard是形容詞，如：a hard work, 但它同時(shí)也是副詞。hardly是hard的又一副詞形式，但詞意截然不同，意為“幾乎不”。
[誤]I had my leg broken last term, so I couldn't hardly study at all.
[正]I had my leg broken last term so I hardly studied at all.
[析]hardly意為“否定”，所以不要再加否定詞語了，如果hardly用于句首則應(yīng)采用倒裝語序，如：Hardly had he arrived when she started complaining.
9. have
[誤]I had my boy do his homework from morning till noon.
[正]I had my boy doing his homework from morning till noon.
[析]用have somebody do something還是doing something要取決句子的意思和句中的時(shí)間狀語。
[誤]I have my bike to repair.
[正]I have my bike repaired.
[析] have something done這一句型是讓某事被別人去作，請(qǐng)看下面兩句意義的不同：I have repaired my bike.(我自己已修好了自行車。)而I have my bike repaired.(我把車推出去讓別人修理了。)
[誤]Could you give me some money if you have.
[正]Could you give me some money if you have any.
[析]“如果你有的話”一句譯為英文應(yīng)加上any一詞，如：I want some books if there is any.
10. headache
[誤]I've got headache.
[正]I've got a headache.
[析]Headache是一個(gè)規(guī)則的可數(shù)名詞，所以可以講：My mother often gets headaches. 但是“牙痛”(toothache)，“肚子痛”(stomachache)等卻都可以用作不可數(shù)名詞，如：I've got toothache. 但也可用作可數(shù)名詞。
?
| 中考政策 | 中考狀元 | 中考飲食 | 中考備考輔導(dǎo) | 中考復(fù)習(xí)資料 |