中考英語易錯題(12)
湖北省宜昌市第五中學(xué) 葛 林
1. few
[誤]Few of them is very good.
[正]Few of them are very good.
[析]few意為“幾乎沒有”，但要用復(fù)數(shù)謂語動詞。如果講有一些人應(yīng)用a few, 如：There were only a few people in the street.
[誤]There are less farms than there used to be.
[正]There are fewer farms than there used to be.
[析]few的比較級為fewer，其后接可數(shù)名詞;而little的比較級為less，其后接不可數(shù)名詞。
2. field
[誤]He is a famous scientist on the field of physics.
[正]He is a famous scientist in the field of physics.
[析]in the field是“在田野上”或是“在某一學(xué)科領(lǐng)域內(nèi)”，而on the field則多指“在戰(zhàn)場上”。如：He lost his life on the battle field.
3. fill
[誤]She filled orange into my glass.
[正]She filled my glass with orange.
[析]表示要用某種物品裝滿某容器時要用fill with詞組，如：The boy ran back home filled with joy.
fill, full
fill是動詞，但有及物與不及物兩種用法，當表示“充滿”之意時是不及物動詞，應(yīng)用fill with，如：The little girl's eyes filled with tears. 而當表示“使……裝滿某物”時，是及物動詞，如：He filled his pocket with books. 而be filled with應(yīng)看作系表結(jié)構(gòu)，如：The boy's mother was filled with anger. full是形容詞，要用be full of這一詞組，如：The boy was full of joy.
4. find
[誤]He has finded his lost bike.
[正]He has found his lost bike.
[析]find是不規(guī)則動詞，其過去式和過去分詞均是found。但found一詞又意為“建立”，它是規(guī)則動詞，其過去式及過去分詞均為founded.
[誤]It is very difficult to look for a suitable job.
[正]It is very difficult to find a suitable job.
[析]look for為“尋找”，而find是找到。尋找工作并不難，難的應(yīng)是找到合適的工作。
find, find out
find out意為“找出、算出、發(fā)現(xiàn)”，如：I have found out how to do it. 而find的主要側(cè)重點在找到某物，如：I find my book under the desk.
5. finish
[誤]I finished to read that book last night.
[正]I finished reading that book last night.
[析]英文中有些動詞其后只能用動名詞作賓語而不能用不定式作賓語，這樣的動詞在中考范圍內(nèi)有兩個，即finish和enjoy。
6. fire
[誤]There's no smoke without a fire.
[正]There's no smoke without fire.
[析]此句應(yīng)譯為中文“無風(fēng)不起浪”。fire作為物質(zhì)名詞“火”講時為不可數(shù)名詞，而作為“爐火”、“火災(zāi)”講則是可數(shù)名詞，如：There was a fire in the next street last month. 如要講“著火了”要用be on fire, 如：The factory was on fire.
[誤]The man fired to us.
[正]The man fired at us.
[析]fire (on) at均指“向某目標開火”，at用于較小目標，而on用于較大目標。
7. first
[誤]Is this your firstly visit to Beijing?
[正]Is this your first visit to Beijing?
[析]除了在強調(diào)第一、第二、第三等場合中有時還可見firstly一詞外，這個詞已不多見，而均被first取代。first還有“首先”、“首次”、“第一次”之意。
8. follow
[誤]I received a letter which ran as follow.
[正]I received a letter which ran as follows.
[析]as follows是慣用法，其意為“如下”，不論在任何場合均要用follows.
[誤]As follows are his arguments.
[正]The following are his arguments.
[析]as follows主要用于句尾，而the following則用于句首。
9. food
[誤]Too much sweet food, such as cakes, chocolates, pastry … may increase your weight.
[正]Too many foods, such as cakes, chocolates, pastry … may increase your weight.
[析]food泛指食物時為不可數(shù)名詞，如：There is no food for supper. 而指一種種食物時則用作可數(shù)名詞。
10. foot
[誤]There is a five-feet-wide bridge.
[正]There is a five-foot-wide bridge.
[析]用連字符組成的形容詞中所有名詞均要用單數(shù)形式。
[誤]We went to college on feet.
[正]We went to college on foot.
[析]by后面加接交通工具時，不應(yīng)加任何冠詞，不要用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。如加了某些修飾詞后，其前面的介詞要作適當?shù)母淖儯纾篒 came to school in his car yesterday. I go to school on a train.
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