中考英語易錯(cuò)題(9)
湖北省宜昌市第五中學(xué) 葛 林
1. date
[誤]He studied ten hours a date.
[正]He studied ten hours a day.
[析]date是指具體日期。如問What's the date today? 應(yīng)回答具體日期：“October 1st 1998.”而day是指1日(24小時(shí))。如What day is today? 問的是星期幾，應(yīng)回答“It's Sunday.”
[誤]Today's date is January first, 1998.
[正]Today's date is January 1, 1998.
[正]Today's date is January 1st, 1998.
[析]在日期書寫中不要用序數(shù)詞全寫，而要用1st, 2nd, 3rd等。如果一定要用序數(shù)詞，其順序應(yīng)為：It is the first of January.
2. day
[誤]This is a book about every day English.
[正]This is a book about everyday English.
[正]This is an everyday English book.
[誤]We go to school everyday.
[正]We go to school every day.
[析]everyday是形容詞，意為“日常的”，而every day則是“每天”、“天天”之意。
3. dead
[誤]My father has died for ten years.
[正]My father has been dead for ten years.
[析]die是瞬間動(dòng)詞，它可以用于完成時(shí)，如：My father has died. 但用于完成時(shí)不能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用。它也可以用于過去時(shí)，如：My father died three years ago.
[誤]We'll always remember the deads who were killed in the war.
[正]We'll always remember the dead who were killed in the war.
[析]形容詞前如加定冠詞表示一類人，如the rich(富人)，the sick(病人)，the poor(窮人)，其后的謂語動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)，如：The rich are not always happy.
dead, deadly
dead在某些詞組里是“完全”、“的確”的意思，如dead right, dead tired, dead sure。而deadly則是“致命的”，如：The rich man had many deadly enemies. 又如：Cancer is a deadly disease.
dead, died
dead是形容詞，如：Mrs Ginty was dead. 而died是動(dòng)詞die的過去式及過去分詞，如：She died in 1960.但英語中如表達(dá)出對(duì)某人去世的傷感說法是pass away, 如：My father passed away, this morning.
4. deer
[誤]In the zoo, there are many deers.
[正]In the zoo, there are many deer.
[析]deer是單、復(fù)數(shù)同形的詞，如：one deer，two deer，這樣的名詞還有fish，sheep等。但如果講There are many fishes here. 這句話應(yīng)譯為“這里有許多種魚類?！倍粦?yīng)譯為“這里有很多魚。”
5. desk
[誤]The boy sat in his desk.
[正]The boy sat at his desk.
[析]在課桌旁坐著應(yīng)用介詞at, 而at desk 則應(yīng)譯為“在學(xué)習(xí)”，at table應(yīng)譯為“在吃飯”。
6. die
[誤]In South Africa many people died from cancer.
[正]In South Africa many people died of cancer.
[誤]The old man died of overwork.
[正]The old man died from overwork.
[析]死于疾病應(yīng)用die of，而死于某種外因事故則多用from.
[誤]His mother is died.
[正]His mother is dead.
[誤]The old woman was dead at the age of seventy.
[正]The old woman died at the age of seventy.
[析]dead是形容詞，而die是動(dòng)詞。形容詞表示狀態(tài)，動(dòng)詞則表示動(dòng)作。
[誤]He died in a traffic accident.
[正]He was killed in a traffic accident.
[析]由于事故而造成的死亡一般用to be killed.
[誤]When the doctor came, the old man had already died.
[正]When the doctor came, the old man was already dead.
[正]The old man died before the doctor came.
7. different
[誤]My room is different with yours.
[正]My room is different from yours.
[誤]The village is very different with what it was.
[正]The village is very different from what it was.
[析]different from是“與……不同”之意。
8. difficult
[誤]English is very difficult to be learned.
[正]English is very difficult to learn.
[誤]He learned physics is difficult.
[正]It is very difficult for him to learn physics.
[析]要學(xué)習(xí)英語的表達(dá)法而不要生硬地按字去譯中文。It is difficult for somebody to do something.為“對(duì)于某人來說做某事很困難?！?BR> 9. difficulty
[誤]There was little difficulty to find him.
[正]There was little difficulty in finding him.
[析]這種用法還有trouble, 即difficulty (trouble) in doing something.
10. dinner
[誤]When did you have the supper?
[正]When did you have supper?
[析]英語中一日三餐前無冠詞。
[誤]I had a lunch at 12 o'clock.
[正]I had lunch at 12 o'clock.
[析]在某些特定場(chǎng)合，如指某次宴會(huì)，則要加冠詞，如：The dinner was given in honour of the guest.
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