中考英語易錯題(7)
湖北省宜昌市第五中學 葛 林
1. change
[誤]I want to change my camera with that one.
[正]I want to change my camera for that one.
[析] change for為“以某物為交換物”。而change with則是“隨……而變”，如：The wood's colour changed with the season.
2. cheap
[誤]A teacher's salary is generally very cheap.
[正]A teacher's salary is generally very low.
[析]工資的高低要用low，cheap是指價格便宜，如果要講物美價廉則要用not expensive, 如：This car is not expensive.
3. choose
[誤]We each had to have a choose of A or B.
[正]We each had to have a choice of A or B.
[析]choice是名詞，而choose是動詞。
4. class
[誤]The class is watching TV.
[正]The class are watching TV.
[析]class作主語時，如果作為整體講則應用單數(shù)形式的謂語動詞，如：The class was more than forty in number. 如考慮到具體的每個成員時則應用復數(shù)形式的謂語動詞，如：The class are, in general, very bright.
5. clean
[誤]Sorry, I didn't bought it here. I cleanly forgot.
[正]Sorry, I didn't bought it here. I clean forgot.
[析]clean可以作為副詞講，其意為“完全”，而cleanly則意為“正確地”、“干凈利落地”，如：The knife doesn't cut cleanly. 而clean作為形容詞講時意為“清潔的”、“干凈的”，如：Her face is not clean now.
6. clever
[誤]I'm not clever in English.
[正]I'm not clever at English.
[析]clever at是固定搭配，表示在某方面有特長。
7. close
[誤]It is cold outside. Please keep the door close.
[正]It is cold outside. Please keep the door closed.
[析]這里的close是動詞，意為“關閉”，而keep后要加形容詞，所以要用close的過去分詞形式closed作形容詞。作形容詞用的close意為“近的”、“親密的”。
[誤]Come closely so that I can see you.
[正]Come close so that I can see you.
[誤]Good teaching and good testing are close related.
[正]Good teaching and good testing are closely related.
[析]close，closely同樣可以作副詞用，但其意義不同，close是“靠近”、“接近”之意，而closely則是“緊密”、“嚴密”、“密切”之意。
[誤]My school was quite close from my home.
[正]My school was quite close to my home.
[析]“與……接近”是close to ...，例如：
He was close to fifty.
There is a bus stop close to the station.
close, shut, turn
shut與close是同義詞，如close the door或shut the door. 但要講把某人關在門外時則只能用shut somebody out而不能用close，因shut語氣較強，并含有隔離之意。而turn off是指關上電視、電燈、煤氣之類，有切斷之意。
8. cloth
[誤]The children wear very good cloth to go to school.
[正]The children wear very good clothes to go to school.
[誤]I need a lot of clothing. I'm going to make a new cloth.
[正]I need a lot of cloth. I'm going to make a new dress.
[析]cloth是“布”、“布料”，沒有復數(shù)形式。一塊布料是a piece of cloth，而clothes統(tǒng)指衣服，是復數(shù)名詞，“一套衣服”要講a suit of clothes，如果是“一件件衣服”應講shirt，dress，sweater等。而clothing是衣物的總稱，是不可數(shù)名詞。例如：This clothing is needed in warm countries. Her clothes are made of fine cloth. 英語中的dress是指比較正式的服裝，如a school dress(校服)，a student dress(學生套裝)，a working dress(工作服)。
9. coffee
[誤]Please give me two waters.
[正]Please give me two coffees.
[正]Please give me two cups of water.
[析]雖然coffee，water，tea等都是物質(zhì)名詞，但是只有coffee可用coffees取代若干杯coffee，而其他的卻不行，其前要加a cup of或a glass of.
10. colour (color)
[誤]Colours of flowers are red, yellow and white.
[正]Flowers are red, yellow and white.
[析]中文的“花的顏色有紅色、黃色和白色”，若譯為英文Colours of flowers are ...，就顯得重復了。
[誤]I like green colour.
[正]I like green.
[正]I like colour green.
[析]colour green中的colour是green的同位語，所以這種說話方式英語是可以接受的。
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