中考英語易錯題(5)
湖北省宜昌市第五中學 葛 林
1. beside
[誤]The students stood besides the teacher.
[正]The students stood beside the teacher.
[誤]I study English beside Chinese.
[正]I study English besides Chinese.
[析]beside意為“在……旁邊”，而besides是“除……以外(還如何)”。
beside, by near
beside意為“在……旁”，如：There is a tall tree beside the river. by多指“倚、靠”、“沿著”之意，如：She is standing by the window. near多用來表示兩地間距離不遠，如：There is a post office near our school.
2. better
[誤]You had better to do it at home.
[正]You had better do it at home.
[誤]You hadn't better wake me up at six.
[正]You had better not wake me up at six.
[析]had better在肯定句中為“應該作某事”，其后加不帶to的不定式，而在否定句中應用had better + not + 動詞原形。在簡答語中had常省略為'd，如：You'd better not. 又如：Let's go first. No, we'd better not.
3. between
[誤]Among the two trees there is a space of the feet.
[正]Between the two trees there is a space of the feet.
[析]兩者之間多用between，三者或三者以上之間則用among.
[誤]You must choose between this club or that club.
[正]You must choose between this club and that club.
[析]在兩個之間作出選擇要用between ... and ...，而不能用between ... or ...
4. big
[誤]There was a big rain last night.
[正]There was a heavy rain last night.
[析]大雨在英語中只能用a heavy rain而不要用a big rain.
5. bit
[誤]He is a bit fool.
[正]He is a bit of a fool.
[析]a bit可以作程度副詞，與a little相同，但它用于名詞前應用a bit of, 而用于形容詞前則應用a bit，如：I'm a bit tired, 而其簡答的否定句應為Not a bit,(一點兒也不。)又如：
--- Do you mind if I open the door?
--- Not a bit.
6. black
[誤]The children became black after swimming in the sea.
[正]The children became sunburned after swimming in the sea.
[析]因太陽照曬而皮膚變黑，不應用black而應用sunburned, sun colour或dark.
7. hair
[誤]The girl has black eyes and black hair.
[正]The girl has dark eyes and black hair.
[析]英語中black eyes的意思是被打得發(fā)青的眼睛。
[誤]The Europeans like red tea.
[正]The Europeans like black tea.
[析]紅茶在英文中應為black tea. 這種慣用法還有：black and blue(鼻青臉腫，青一塊紫一塊);black and white(黑白電視片)。go black意為“在失去知覺時眼前一片黑暗”;look black意為“情況不妙，前景暗淡”。如：After the fight he was black and blue. On TV, I like colour for something and black and white for others.
8. body
[誤]Going to bed earlier and getting up earlier is good for your body.
[正]Going to bed earlier and getting up earlier is good for your health.
[析]中文常講對你身體有利，而英文中則講對你健康有利。
9. borrow
[誤]May I lend some books from the library?
[正]May I borrow some books from the library?
[誤]How long can I borrow it?
[正]How long can I keep it?
[析]英語中有三個詞都可譯為“借”，但意義各不相同如：“借入”是borrow，其常用句型結(jié)構(gòu)是borrow something from somebody，這是個瞬間性動詞，不可與表示延續(xù)的時間狀語連用。例如：The students want to borrow some books from the library. “借出”用lend，即借給別人東西。其常用句型是lend somebody something, 或lend something to somebody.例如：Could you lend us your dictionary?或Could you lend your dictionary to us? 它也是瞬間性動詞，也不能與延續(xù)的時間狀語連用。keep則是延續(xù)性動詞，可以和表示長時間段的時間狀語連用，也可與how long等疑問詞連用，如：You can keep it for three days.
10. born (bear的過去分詞)
[誤]I born in Shanghai.
[正]I was born in Shanghai.
[誤]He was born from Greek parents.
[正]He was born of Greek parents.
[析]“出身于……樣的家庭”不要作from而要用of，例如：He was born of a poor family.
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