Need-Blind是美國(guó)大學(xué)在招生時(shí)對(duì)獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金的一種類(lèi)別,主要針對(duì)本科生。采取Need-blind獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金的大學(xué),在錄取學(xué)生時(shí)不考慮學(xué)生的資金需求和家庭收入情況,只要符合錄取條件則給予錄取,錄取后如果學(xué)生提供的資金證明顯示家庭收入不足支付學(xué)費(fèi)和生活費(fèi)時(shí),學(xué)校將提供獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金,彌補(bǔ)學(xué)生家庭資金的不足。簡(jiǎn)單來(lái)說(shuō),只要學(xué)生優(yōu)秀,被大學(xué)錄取,不會(huì)因?yàn)榧彝ソ?jīng)濟(jì)困難而失學(xué),因?yàn)榇髮W(xué)會(huì)為你支付學(xué)費(fèi)和生活費(fèi)。這真是十足的communism思想。
當(dāng)然,這種獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金政策也是建立在經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)上的,大學(xué)需要財(cái)大氣粗才行,所以美國(guó)只有少數(shù)大學(xué)提供Need-blind的獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金,如哈佛大學(xué)、耶魯大學(xué)、達(dá)特茅斯學(xué)院、普林斯頓大學(xué)、麻省理工學(xué)院、阿姆赫斯學(xué)院和本文提到的威廉姆斯學(xué)院等幾所大學(xué)。
然而,金融危機(jī)的出現(xiàn),不管是公立大學(xué)的政府預(yù)算還是私立大學(xué)捐贈(zèng)資金,都受到很大影響,這也導(dǎo)致一些大學(xué)不得不修改其獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金政策。
近日,美國(guó)著名的文理學(xué)院--威廉姆斯學(xué)院（Williams College,著名歌手王力宏的母校）鑒于捐贈(zèng)資金的減少,不得不宣布放棄對(duì)國(guó)際學(xué)生Need-blind的獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金政策。
威廉姆斯學(xué)院每年提供給國(guó)際學(xué)生的獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金高達(dá)400萬(wàn)美元,這筆開(kāi)支在金融危機(jī)下對(duì)學(xué)校來(lái)說(shuō)是一筆沉重的負(fù)擔(dān),所以今年不得不宣布放棄Need-blind的獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金政策。
那么取消Need-blind后會(huì)有什么影響呢？取消Need-blind并不意味著學(xué)校不給國(guó)際學(xué)生提供獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金,而是學(xué)校在錄取時(shí)會(huì)關(guān)注學(xué)生的獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金的需求,如果一個(gè)學(xué)生條件尚可,符合錄取要求,但如果這個(gè)學(xué)生對(duì)獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金需求非常大（如需要學(xué)校提供所有學(xué)費(fèi)和生活費(fèi)）,則學(xué)校會(huì)權(quán)衡一下,有可能就不錄取這名學(xué)生。如果這個(gè)學(xué)生沒(méi)有獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金需求或者獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金需求比較少,則學(xué)校有可能錄取。但如果這個(gè)學(xué)生非常優(yōu)秀,萬(wàn)里挑一,則即使學(xué)生對(duì)獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金需求高,學(xué)校也認(rèn)了,這樣的學(xué)生是稀缺資源,肯定也會(huì)錄取并提供獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。所以,對(duì)于國(guó)內(nèi)想申請(qǐng)?jiān)撔５膶W(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō),申請(qǐng)時(shí)就要講究策略。如果家庭條件不錯(cuò),為了提高被錄取的概率,可以在申請(qǐng)時(shí)注明放棄獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金申請(qǐng)；如果自身?xiàng)l件很好,則可以堅(jiān)持需要獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。
附Williams College簡(jiǎn)介：
從艾姆赫斯特學(xué)院（Amherst College）出發(fā),沿著91號(hào)高速公路向北,在麻省西北重鎮(zhèn)格林菲爾德 （Greenfield, MA）向西走上2號(hào)路,大概60公里左右就到了一所很偏僻卻優(yōu)雅的小鎮(zhèn), 威廉姆斯鎮(zhèn) (Williamstown, MA)。這個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)按照中國(guó)的看法最多是個(gè)村級(jí)單位（人口不足4000）,但是就在這個(gè)“村子”里面,卻坐落了一所無(wú)論是little ivies （小常春藤聯(lián)盟）還是 little three （小三杰）中都赫赫有名的學(xué)院。也是我們今天要講述得亂世隱者—威廉姆斯學(xué)院(Williams College)。
之所以稱(chēng)其為亂世隱者。是因?yàn)橥匪箤W(xué)院 (Williams College)不僅在藝術(shù)方面有獨(dú)到的成就,更是與世無(wú)爭(zhēng)。從來(lái)不費(fèi)心的去參加評(píng)比和競(jìng)賽或者作廣告來(lái)證明自己是美國(guó)No.1 的大學(xué)。做好自己的事情高于一切是它的宗旨。 而其校訓(xùn) “E liberalitate E.”（我自自由）也完美的闡述了它的辦學(xué)理念。
威廉姆斯學(xué)院 (Williams College)的投資創(chuàng)辦人是美國(guó)陸軍的埃菲拉姆。威廉姆斯（Ephraim Williams）上校。他出身顯貴,并在麻省西部有大片的田地。在他的遺囑中寫(xiě)道,如果有一天我不幸犧牲,那么我的財(cái)產(chǎn)將貢獻(xiàn)給我的家鄉(xiāng),西豪薩克鎮(zhèn)(West Hoosac)。并為其建立起一所能夠教育未來(lái)子弟的學(xué)院。 當(dāng)他在1755年9月8日在紐約州喬治湖（Lake George, NY）戰(zhàn)死后。它的家鄉(xiāng)為了紀(jì)念他。 將名字改為了威廉姆斯鎮(zhèn)(Williamstown, MA)。而1793年新成立的大學(xué)則被命名為威廉姆斯學(xué)院（Williams College）。
威廉姆斯學(xué)院 (Williams College)可以說(shuō)出生以來(lái)歷經(jīng)坎坷。幾次面臨著財(cái)政危機(jī),搬遷危機(jī),以及麻省第一古老大學(xué)--哈佛大學(xué)的挑戰(zhàn)。（當(dāng)時(shí)的哈佛認(rèn)為,麻省需要一所大學(xué)就夠了,因此幾次向麻省政府提出取締威廉姆斯學(xué)院）甚至在1821年,他們的校長(zhǎng) Zephaniah S. Moore,因?yàn)樵噲D搬遷威廉姆斯學(xué)院不成,于是帶著自己的十五名學(xué)生棄校而走。投奔了艾姆赫斯特學(xué)院（Amherst College）,并成為了其第一任校長(zhǎng)。 在這一次次打擊之中,威廉姆斯學(xué)院仍然頑強(qiáng)的堅(jiān)持者。 秉承我自自由的理念。 在新校長(zhǎng)Harry C. Payne,以及資助人Heman Humphrey的帶領(lǐng)下,走出了困境。自此人才輩出。（除了一名美國(guó)總統(tǒng)詹姆斯?加菲爾德以外,名單太多,不好多列,具體可以看網(wǎng)址：http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Williams_College_people）
1859年,恢復(fù)元?dú)獾耐匪购统闪⒉痪玫陌泛账固貎尚＿M(jìn)行了美國(guó)第一次校際棒球賽,開(kāi)創(chuàng)了校際體育對(duì)抗的先河,并延續(xù)至今。威廉姆斯學(xué)院 (Williams College)還是美國(guó)第一所使用畢業(yè)典禮和學(xué)士畢業(yè)服裝的學(xué)校。 1970年,威廉姆斯學(xué)院 (Williams College)由單一男校變?yōu)槟信旌闲！?BR> 今天的威廉姆斯學(xué)院 (Williams College)是一所集人文,科學(xué)和社會(huì)科學(xué)三位一體的綜合性學(xué)院。擁有24個(gè)學(xué)術(shù)類(lèi)型,31個(gè)專(zhuān)業(yè),以及2個(gè)碩士項(xiàng)目（文藝歷史學(xué)以及經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展學(xué)）。與康州的密斯提克港博物館(Mysitc Seaport maritime museum)以及英國(guó)的牛津大學(xué)有緊密地關(guān)系。 其學(xué)年制度是美國(guó)獨(dú)一無(wú)二的4-1-4 制度（2個(gè)完整學(xué)期+ 一個(gè)冬季學(xué)期）。 并且有著名的威廉姆斯年度貴賓演講。 1996年曾經(jīng)邀請(qǐng)過(guò)前美國(guó)總統(tǒng)布什,98年是著名小提琴家馬友友,2006的演講人是著名水下攝影師Chuck Davis. 此外,學(xué)校還擁有一所全國(guó)著名的藝術(shù)館威廉姆斯大學(xué)藝術(shù)博物館,館藏藝術(shù)品價(jià)值超過(guò)20億美元。以及一個(gè)擁有15萬(wàn)份音像圖書(shū)資料的圖書(shū)館,Chapin Library。
地址：Williams College, Williamstown, MA 01267
威廉姆斯學(xué)院 (Williams College)小資料：
所在地: 威廉姆斯鎮(zhèn) (Williamstown, MA)。
建立時(shí)間: 1793
2009-2010學(xué)年在校學(xué)生人數(shù): 本科生2168,研究生56人；2009年秋季錄取率：20.4%（6,017人申請(qǐng),1,229人被錄?。?BR> 全職教授: 318人
在校平均一年花費(fèi) (2009-10): $49,880美元
現(xiàn)任校長(zhǎng)：Morton Schapiro
學(xué)校代表顏色: 紫色。
學(xué)校吉祥物：紫色的母牛 Purple Cow
學(xué)校格言：E. liberalitate E (我自自由)
獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金發(fā)放情況：
Class of 2013 Financial Aid Statistics （2009年秋季入學(xué)學(xué)生獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金發(fā)放統(tǒng)計(jì)）
專(zhuān)業(yè)：
Architecture & Related Programs 建筑系
Area, Ethnic, Cultural, & Gender Studies,地區(qū),文明,性別文化系
Arts, Visual & Performing 藝術(shù)表演系
Biological & Biomedical Sciences 生物,醫(yī)藥系
Business, Management, & Marketing 商學(xué)系
Computer & Information Sciences 電腦系
Education 教育系
Engineering 工程系 （生物,機(jī)電,建筑,化學(xué)工程）
English Language & Literature 英語(yǔ)系
Foreign Language & Literature 外語(yǔ)系（中文,日文,法文,德文,俄語(yǔ),西班牙文）
History 歷史系
Mathematics 數(shù)學(xué)系
Multi/Interdisciplinary Studies 復(fù)合學(xué)習(xí)系
Philosophy & Religion 哲學(xué)宗教系
Physical Sciences 物理科學(xué)系 (天文,化學(xué),地理,物理)
Psychology 心理學(xué)系
Social Sciences 社會(huì)科學(xué)系 (考古,經(jīng)濟(jì),政治,社會(huì)學(xué))
附Williams College 臨時(shí)校長(zhǎng)對(duì)獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金政策改變的公告：
To the Williams Community,
Financial aid has been much on the minds of members of the Williams community as we have thought about ways to control the growth in its cost that would align with the great value we place on having a diverse community.
The process of setting the College’s price is complicated and at odds with how the world generally works. Since we live with this system every day, we tend to forget that outside of Williams and a small number of similar colleges, there may be no business or organization that charges for its goods or services only what an individual can afford to pay. That is amazing. (More so when you consider that even the top price that is charged covers only about half of what the College spends per student.)
The system has worked remarkably well. We have been able to make the benefits of a Williams education accessible to strong students from all economic backgrounds. And, while parents do make sacrifices to send their children here, when we ask them if it was worth it, 98% say yes.
As astonishing as this system already was, it became more so when a few years ago we dropped loans from all aid packages and began to admit all international students without regard to their ability to pay.
We could take those steps because our endowment had been growing at quite an amazing rate. Since that is no longer the case and apparently will not be the case again anytime soon, the College has needed to cut expenses virtually everywhere. Given the value we place on affordability, the only exception has been financial aid, which grew again this year (by about 12%) and will grow next year.
What we have explored are ways to control the growth in overall spending on financial aid that would be consonant with our commitment to broad financial accessibility. One way was to reintroduce modest loans in the aid packages of some students. Families with low incomes will still not be expected to borrow. When, beginning with the Class of 2015, we go back to something that resembles the loan program that was in place until fall of 2008, Williams will continue to be attractive to students of all incomes and we will have a wonderfully strong and diverse student body.
This will also be true as we begin to admit international students somewhat differently than we have in recent years, beginning with the class entering this fall.
Until the Class of 2006, Williams each year maintained two pools of international applicants: those who had applied for aid and those who had not. We admitted only a few who had applied for aid. All other admitted international applicants were among those who could pay the full fee. For the last several years we admitted international applicants without regard to their ability to pay. We also let the percentage of international students in the class drift up to a range of 5% to 8% (though one year it topped out at 9%); any higher would have been financially unsustainable. This enabled us to matriculate a cohort of international students with significantly more presence and diversity, to the great advantage of us all.
But as a result, the cost of international aid in the last decade rose by more than 200% (more than $4 million). In the College’s changed financial situation, that rate of growth is unsustainable. One way to reduce it would be to have fewer international students. But no one wants that and no one wants it to be the case that all of our international students are able to pay the full fee.
The way to avoid either of those outcomes is to use intelligently some form of need-awareness for international applicants. This does not mean going back to the two-pool system in place before the Class of 2006. It also does not mean that the Financial Aid Office will compute the need of each international aid applicant and the Admission Office will then admit the most desirable international applicants until the aid runs out.
The Admission Office will know which applicants have applied for aid, as it does now, but will not know the level of each applicant’s need. The office will then look at the international pool as a whole and aim to build an entering cohort that is not only academically strong but that is geographically and economically diverse and that in terms of aid approximates a rough dollar target that will begin where it is now and grow over the years at a rate slower than it has been. This new system should result in entering cohorts of international students that roughly resemble the one that we are blessed with now and at a rate of cost increase that is sustainable. When four classes have been admitted this way the increase in our international aid budget should be about $1.2 million less than it would have been. We do not expect this change to affect dramatically the pool of international applicants, which is extremely strong.
I understand how unsettling it is for many members of our community to have to contemplate altering our aid practices somewhat. Even with the changes we have adopted, however, the system by which Williams determines how much to charge aided families will still be among the most generous in the history of higher education, as it should be, and among the most amazing anywhere in the broad economy. And we will continue to serve and to benefit from a wonderful and diverse community of students.
With regards,
Bill Wagner
Interim President
當(dāng)然,這種獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金政策也是建立在經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)上的,大學(xué)需要財(cái)大氣粗才行,所以美國(guó)只有少數(shù)大學(xué)提供Need-blind的獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金,如哈佛大學(xué)、耶魯大學(xué)、達(dá)特茅斯學(xué)院、普林斯頓大學(xué)、麻省理工學(xué)院、阿姆赫斯學(xué)院和本文提到的威廉姆斯學(xué)院等幾所大學(xué)。
然而,金融危機(jī)的出現(xiàn),不管是公立大學(xué)的政府預(yù)算還是私立大學(xué)捐贈(zèng)資金,都受到很大影響,這也導(dǎo)致一些大學(xué)不得不修改其獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金政策。
近日,美國(guó)著名的文理學(xué)院--威廉姆斯學(xué)院（Williams College,著名歌手王力宏的母校）鑒于捐贈(zèng)資金的減少,不得不宣布放棄對(duì)國(guó)際學(xué)生Need-blind的獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金政策。
威廉姆斯學(xué)院每年提供給國(guó)際學(xué)生的獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金高達(dá)400萬(wàn)美元,這筆開(kāi)支在金融危機(jī)下對(duì)學(xué)校來(lái)說(shuō)是一筆沉重的負(fù)擔(dān),所以今年不得不宣布放棄Need-blind的獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金政策。
那么取消Need-blind后會(huì)有什么影響呢？取消Need-blind并不意味著學(xué)校不給國(guó)際學(xué)生提供獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金,而是學(xué)校在錄取時(shí)會(huì)關(guān)注學(xué)生的獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金的需求,如果一個(gè)學(xué)生條件尚可,符合錄取要求,但如果這個(gè)學(xué)生對(duì)獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金需求非常大（如需要學(xué)校提供所有學(xué)費(fèi)和生活費(fèi)）,則學(xué)校會(huì)權(quán)衡一下,有可能就不錄取這名學(xué)生。如果這個(gè)學(xué)生沒(méi)有獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金需求或者獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金需求比較少,則學(xué)校有可能錄取。但如果這個(gè)學(xué)生非常優(yōu)秀,萬(wàn)里挑一,則即使學(xué)生對(duì)獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金需求高,學(xué)校也認(rèn)了,這樣的學(xué)生是稀缺資源,肯定也會(huì)錄取并提供獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。所以,對(duì)于國(guó)內(nèi)想申請(qǐng)?jiān)撔５膶W(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō),申請(qǐng)時(shí)就要講究策略。如果家庭條件不錯(cuò),為了提高被錄取的概率,可以在申請(qǐng)時(shí)注明放棄獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金申請(qǐng)；如果自身?xiàng)l件很好,則可以堅(jiān)持需要獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。
附Williams College簡(jiǎn)介：
從艾姆赫斯特學(xué)院（Amherst College）出發(fā),沿著91號(hào)高速公路向北,在麻省西北重鎮(zhèn)格林菲爾德 （Greenfield, MA）向西走上2號(hào)路,大概60公里左右就到了一所很偏僻卻優(yōu)雅的小鎮(zhèn), 威廉姆斯鎮(zhèn) (Williamstown, MA)。這個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)按照中國(guó)的看法最多是個(gè)村級(jí)單位（人口不足4000）,但是就在這個(gè)“村子”里面,卻坐落了一所無(wú)論是little ivies （小常春藤聯(lián)盟）還是 little three （小三杰）中都赫赫有名的學(xué)院。也是我們今天要講述得亂世隱者—威廉姆斯學(xué)院(Williams College)。
之所以稱(chēng)其為亂世隱者。是因?yàn)橥匪箤W(xué)院 (Williams College)不僅在藝術(shù)方面有獨(dú)到的成就,更是與世無(wú)爭(zhēng)。從來(lái)不費(fèi)心的去參加評(píng)比和競(jìng)賽或者作廣告來(lái)證明自己是美國(guó)No.1 的大學(xué)。做好自己的事情高于一切是它的宗旨。 而其校訓(xùn) “E liberalitate E.”（我自自由）也完美的闡述了它的辦學(xué)理念。
威廉姆斯學(xué)院 (Williams College)的投資創(chuàng)辦人是美國(guó)陸軍的埃菲拉姆。威廉姆斯（Ephraim Williams）上校。他出身顯貴,并在麻省西部有大片的田地。在他的遺囑中寫(xiě)道,如果有一天我不幸犧牲,那么我的財(cái)產(chǎn)將貢獻(xiàn)給我的家鄉(xiāng),西豪薩克鎮(zhèn)(West Hoosac)。并為其建立起一所能夠教育未來(lái)子弟的學(xué)院。 當(dāng)他在1755年9月8日在紐約州喬治湖（Lake George, NY）戰(zhàn)死后。它的家鄉(xiāng)為了紀(jì)念他。 將名字改為了威廉姆斯鎮(zhèn)(Williamstown, MA)。而1793年新成立的大學(xué)則被命名為威廉姆斯學(xué)院（Williams College）。
威廉姆斯學(xué)院 (Williams College)可以說(shuō)出生以來(lái)歷經(jīng)坎坷。幾次面臨著財(cái)政危機(jī),搬遷危機(jī),以及麻省第一古老大學(xué)--哈佛大學(xué)的挑戰(zhàn)。（當(dāng)時(shí)的哈佛認(rèn)為,麻省需要一所大學(xué)就夠了,因此幾次向麻省政府提出取締威廉姆斯學(xué)院）甚至在1821年,他們的校長(zhǎng) Zephaniah S. Moore,因?yàn)樵噲D搬遷威廉姆斯學(xué)院不成,于是帶著自己的十五名學(xué)生棄校而走。投奔了艾姆赫斯特學(xué)院（Amherst College）,并成為了其第一任校長(zhǎng)。 在這一次次打擊之中,威廉姆斯學(xué)院仍然頑強(qiáng)的堅(jiān)持者。 秉承我自自由的理念。 在新校長(zhǎng)Harry C. Payne,以及資助人Heman Humphrey的帶領(lǐng)下,走出了困境。自此人才輩出。（除了一名美國(guó)總統(tǒng)詹姆斯?加菲爾德以外,名單太多,不好多列,具體可以看網(wǎng)址：http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Williams_College_people）
1859年,恢復(fù)元?dú)獾耐匪购统闪⒉痪玫陌泛账固貎尚＿M(jìn)行了美國(guó)第一次校際棒球賽,開(kāi)創(chuàng)了校際體育對(duì)抗的先河,并延續(xù)至今。威廉姆斯學(xué)院 (Williams College)還是美國(guó)第一所使用畢業(yè)典禮和學(xué)士畢業(yè)服裝的學(xué)校。 1970年,威廉姆斯學(xué)院 (Williams College)由單一男校變?yōu)槟信旌闲！?BR> 今天的威廉姆斯學(xué)院 (Williams College)是一所集人文,科學(xué)和社會(huì)科學(xué)三位一體的綜合性學(xué)院。擁有24個(gè)學(xué)術(shù)類(lèi)型,31個(gè)專(zhuān)業(yè),以及2個(gè)碩士項(xiàng)目（文藝歷史學(xué)以及經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展學(xué)）。與康州的密斯提克港博物館(Mysitc Seaport maritime museum)以及英國(guó)的牛津大學(xué)有緊密地關(guān)系。 其學(xué)年制度是美國(guó)獨(dú)一無(wú)二的4-1-4 制度（2個(gè)完整學(xué)期+ 一個(gè)冬季學(xué)期）。 并且有著名的威廉姆斯年度貴賓演講。 1996年曾經(jīng)邀請(qǐng)過(guò)前美國(guó)總統(tǒng)布什,98年是著名小提琴家馬友友,2006的演講人是著名水下攝影師Chuck Davis. 此外,學(xué)校還擁有一所全國(guó)著名的藝術(shù)館威廉姆斯大學(xué)藝術(shù)博物館,館藏藝術(shù)品價(jià)值超過(guò)20億美元。以及一個(gè)擁有15萬(wàn)份音像圖書(shū)資料的圖書(shū)館,Chapin Library。
地址：Williams College, Williamstown, MA 01267
威廉姆斯學(xué)院 (Williams College)小資料：
所在地: 威廉姆斯鎮(zhèn) (Williamstown, MA)。
建立時(shí)間: 1793
2009-2010學(xué)年在校學(xué)生人數(shù): 本科生2168,研究生56人；2009年秋季錄取率：20.4%（6,017人申請(qǐng),1,229人被錄?。?BR> 全職教授: 318人
在校平均一年花費(fèi) (2009-10): $49,880美元
現(xiàn)任校長(zhǎng)：Morton Schapiro
學(xué)校代表顏色: 紫色。
學(xué)校吉祥物：紫色的母牛 Purple Cow
學(xué)校格言：E. liberalitate E (我自自由)
獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金發(fā)放情況：
Class of 2013 Financial Aid Statistics （2009年秋季入學(xué)學(xué)生獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金發(fā)放統(tǒng)計(jì)）
專(zhuān)業(yè)：
Architecture & Related Programs 建筑系
Area, Ethnic, Cultural, & Gender Studies,地區(qū),文明,性別文化系
Arts, Visual & Performing 藝術(shù)表演系
Biological & Biomedical Sciences 生物,醫(yī)藥系
Business, Management, & Marketing 商學(xué)系
Computer & Information Sciences 電腦系
Education 教育系
Engineering 工程系 （生物,機(jī)電,建筑,化學(xué)工程）
English Language & Literature 英語(yǔ)系
Foreign Language & Literature 外語(yǔ)系（中文,日文,法文,德文,俄語(yǔ),西班牙文）
History 歷史系
Mathematics 數(shù)學(xué)系
Multi/Interdisciplinary Studies 復(fù)合學(xué)習(xí)系
Philosophy & Religion 哲學(xué)宗教系
Physical Sciences 物理科學(xué)系 (天文,化學(xué),地理,物理)
Psychology 心理學(xué)系
Social Sciences 社會(huì)科學(xué)系 (考古,經(jīng)濟(jì),政治,社會(huì)學(xué))
附Williams College 臨時(shí)校長(zhǎng)對(duì)獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金政策改變的公告：
To the Williams Community,
Financial aid has been much on the minds of members of the Williams community as we have thought about ways to control the growth in its cost that would align with the great value we place on having a diverse community.
The process of setting the College’s price is complicated and at odds with how the world generally works. Since we live with this system every day, we tend to forget that outside of Williams and a small number of similar colleges, there may be no business or organization that charges for its goods or services only what an individual can afford to pay. That is amazing. (More so when you consider that even the top price that is charged covers only about half of what the College spends per student.)
The system has worked remarkably well. We have been able to make the benefits of a Williams education accessible to strong students from all economic backgrounds. And, while parents do make sacrifices to send their children here, when we ask them if it was worth it, 98% say yes.
As astonishing as this system already was, it became more so when a few years ago we dropped loans from all aid packages and began to admit all international students without regard to their ability to pay.
We could take those steps because our endowment had been growing at quite an amazing rate. Since that is no longer the case and apparently will not be the case again anytime soon, the College has needed to cut expenses virtually everywhere. Given the value we place on affordability, the only exception has been financial aid, which grew again this year (by about 12%) and will grow next year.
What we have explored are ways to control the growth in overall spending on financial aid that would be consonant with our commitment to broad financial accessibility. One way was to reintroduce modest loans in the aid packages of some students. Families with low incomes will still not be expected to borrow. When, beginning with the Class of 2015, we go back to something that resembles the loan program that was in place until fall of 2008, Williams will continue to be attractive to students of all incomes and we will have a wonderfully strong and diverse student body.
This will also be true as we begin to admit international students somewhat differently than we have in recent years, beginning with the class entering this fall.
Until the Class of 2006, Williams each year maintained two pools of international applicants: those who had applied for aid and those who had not. We admitted only a few who had applied for aid. All other admitted international applicants were among those who could pay the full fee. For the last several years we admitted international applicants without regard to their ability to pay. We also let the percentage of international students in the class drift up to a range of 5% to 8% (though one year it topped out at 9%); any higher would have been financially unsustainable. This enabled us to matriculate a cohort of international students with significantly more presence and diversity, to the great advantage of us all.
But as a result, the cost of international aid in the last decade rose by more than 200% (more than $4 million). In the College’s changed financial situation, that rate of growth is unsustainable. One way to reduce it would be to have fewer international students. But no one wants that and no one wants it to be the case that all of our international students are able to pay the full fee.
The way to avoid either of those outcomes is to use intelligently some form of need-awareness for international applicants. This does not mean going back to the two-pool system in place before the Class of 2006. It also does not mean that the Financial Aid Office will compute the need of each international aid applicant and the Admission Office will then admit the most desirable international applicants until the aid runs out.
The Admission Office will know which applicants have applied for aid, as it does now, but will not know the level of each applicant’s need. The office will then look at the international pool as a whole and aim to build an entering cohort that is not only academically strong but that is geographically and economically diverse and that in terms of aid approximates a rough dollar target that will begin where it is now and grow over the years at a rate slower than it has been. This new system should result in entering cohorts of international students that roughly resemble the one that we are blessed with now and at a rate of cost increase that is sustainable. When four classes have been admitted this way the increase in our international aid budget should be about $1.2 million less than it would have been. We do not expect this change to affect dramatically the pool of international applicants, which is extremely strong.
I understand how unsettling it is for many members of our community to have to contemplate altering our aid practices somewhat. Even with the changes we have adopted, however, the system by which Williams determines how much to charge aided families will still be among the most generous in the history of higher education, as it should be, and among the most amazing anywhere in the broad economy. And we will continue to serve and to benefit from a wonderful and diverse community of students.
With regards,
Bill Wagner
Interim President