英語(yǔ)的五種基本句型結(jié)構(gòu)：
主語(yǔ)? +? 不及物動(dòng)詞? (SV)
主語(yǔ)? +? 連系動(dòng)詞? (SVC)
主語(yǔ)? +? 及物動(dòng)詞 + 賓語(yǔ)? (SVO)
主語(yǔ)? +? 及物動(dòng)詞 +? 間接賓語(yǔ) + 直接賓語(yǔ)(SVOD)
主語(yǔ)? +? 及物動(dòng)詞 + 賓語(yǔ) + 賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)(SVOC)???? ?
1. S + V
He works.?????????? He is studying.
① 主語(yǔ)?。≈^語(yǔ)(vi.) ＋ 狀語(yǔ)(從句)
The sun sets in the west.?????? He went nowhere
② 主語(yǔ)?。≈^語(yǔ)(vi.) ＋ 名詞短語(yǔ)
We had come a long way.???? He waited (for) two years.
2. S + V + C
He is a student / in yellow / there…
① 主語(yǔ) + be + 表語(yǔ) 表語(yǔ)由下列詞充當(dāng)：名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞（短語(yǔ)）、動(dòng)詞不定式、分詞（短語(yǔ)）、動(dòng)名詞、從句等
② 主語(yǔ) + 其它連系動(dòng)詞 + 表語(yǔ) 這些連系動(dòng)詞包括：appear, continue, feel, go(變成), keep, lie(處于…狀態(tài)), look, prove, remain,? seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, become, come, fall, get, grow, turn
Bob lay sick.
His dream comes true.
3. S? + V + O
An idea struck me. ?
① 主語(yǔ)?。≈^語(yǔ)(v. + prep) ＋ 賓語(yǔ)
It depends on the weather.????????? 備用詞：act as, agree on / with / to,
arrive in (at), come across, base on, break into, suffer from, lead to,
prefer to, think of, fire at, reach for, quarrel about, worry about
② 主語(yǔ)?。≈^語(yǔ)(v. + adv.)?。≠e語(yǔ)
I thought over the plan.??? I thought it over.
備用詞：bring out (up), think out, turn off (on , out, down), give in
NOTICE: v + adv. + prep.
get along with, add up to, do away with,
break away with, keep up with, go ahead with, go? through with
v. + n. + prep????????? make use of, make fun of, catch sight of,
take care of, take the place of, take a look at, take pride in
③ 主語(yǔ)?。≈^語(yǔ) ＋ 賓語(yǔ)?。〗樵~ ＋ 賓語(yǔ)
The teacher punished him for being late.
Congratulate him on his success.
Compare this with that.
4. S + V + O + D?? (間接賓語(yǔ)由代詞和名詞充當(dāng))
① 主語(yǔ) + 謂語(yǔ) + 間接賓語(yǔ) + 直接賓語(yǔ)
Will you lend me your pen, please ?
She bought him many toys.
② 主語(yǔ) + 謂語(yǔ) + 直接賓語(yǔ) + 介詞 + 代詞或名詞
Will? you lend your pen to me, please ?
She bought many toys for him.
備用詞：pay, give, hand, sell, pass, offer, explain, sing, leave
5. S + V + O + C????? 賓語(yǔ)和賓補(bǔ)之間的關(guān)系有兩種：主表關(guān)系；
主謂關(guān)系。賓語(yǔ)可由形容詞、副詞、介詞、動(dòng)詞不定式充當(dāng)
主表：① I? find the book interesting.?? (主謂賓＋形容詞)
② I saw him there. (主謂賓＋副詞)
③ I found the book on the desk. (主謂賓＋介詞)
④ We elected him monitor.?? (主謂賓＋名詞)
主謂：①They? saw the thief running away.? (主謂賓 + 現(xiàn)在分詞）
②Where did you see him knocked down? (主謂賓＋過(guò)分詞)
③ What makes you think so ? (主謂賓＋動(dòng)詞不定式)
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