湖北省武漢市 張玲英
動(dòng)詞不定式(to do)是初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法內(nèi)容的一個(gè)重點(diǎn)，同時(shí)也是每年中考要考查的一個(gè)語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn)。同學(xué)們?cè)趶?fù)習(xí)動(dòng)詞不定式時(shí)應(yīng)注意以下幾個(gè)考查熱點(diǎn)：
動(dòng)詞不定式做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。例如：
They go out of their way to make me feel at home.
他們竭力讓我感到賓至如歸。
Tomorrow’s meeting is very important. Please ask them ________ there on time. [北京朝陽(yáng)區(qū)中考]
A. go B. going C. to go D. went
注意：在使役動(dòng)詞make, have, let后的動(dòng)詞不定式不帶to.
動(dòng)詞不定式做賓語(yǔ)。例如：
She decided to accept your invitation to attend your birthday party.
她決定接受你的邀請(qǐng)參加你的生日派對(duì)。
You mustn’t forget _________ your dictionary when you come here tomorrow. [湖南婁底中考]
A. to bring B. bring C. to take D. take
注意：在英語(yǔ)中，有些動(dòng)詞后需接不定式做賓語(yǔ)。這些動(dòng)詞主要有：decide, hope, expect, plan, offer, refuse, agree, wish, continue, afford, beg, bother, choose, fail, help, happen, pretend等;有些動(dòng)詞后接不定式和-ing形式都可以，但意思不同，這幾組主要?jiǎng)釉~需背下來(lái)：
stop to do sth. 停下來(lái)(目的是)做某事 try to do sth. 試圖/盡力做某事
stop doing sth. 停止做某事 try doing sth. 嘗試做某事
remember to do sth. 記得要做某事 forget to do sth. 忘記要做某事
remember doing sth. 記得做過(guò)某事 forget doing sth. 忘記做過(guò)某事
動(dòng)詞不定式做狀語(yǔ),表目的。例如：
To arrive at the airport on time, he took a taxi.
為了按時(shí)趕到機(jī)場(chǎng)，他搭了臺(tái)的士。
_______ late in the morning, bob turned off the alarm. (安徽中考)
A. To sleep B. Sleeping C. Sleep D. Having slept
4. 疑問(wèn)代(副)詞+不定式。例如：
There are so many interesting books here that I don’t know what to choose.
這里有如此多有趣的書，以致我不知選什么為好。
—Could you please tell me __________ the Christmas?
—Sure. [湖北黃岡中考]
A. how to decorate B. how decorate C. how to celebrate D. how celebrate
5.動(dòng)詞不定式的否定式。例如：
The patient was warned not to eat oily food after the operation. 病人被敬告手術(shù)后不能吃油膩的食物。
Our teacher told us ___________too much time searching the Internet. It’s bad for our health. [遼寧中考]
A. not to cost B. not to spend C. not to pay D. beat
6.動(dòng)詞不定式的時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)。例如：
I am sorry to have bothered you so much. 對(duì)不起給你添了很多麻煩。
The book is said to be translated into English soon.
據(jù)說(shuō)這本書馬上將被譯成英語(yǔ)。
【鞏固練習(xí)】
1. I’ve made it possible for my computers _________ the same programs by means of networking. [杭州]
A. to share B. share C. shared D. shares
2. I hope ______ a good job in a foreign company after I graduate _______ school. [沈陽(yáng)]
A. to find; from B. finding; from C. to find; at D. finding; at
3. What makes you ________ it’s going to rain tomorrow? [東城]
A. to think B. thought C. think D. thinking
4. Internet bars mustn’t let people under 18 in or let anybody ________ bad things. [上海]
A. watch B. to watch C. watching D. watches
5. — Did you have anyone ______ the trees? — Yes, I had the trees ________.
A. to water; water B. to water; watered
C. water; to be watered D. water; watered
6. Be careful! The water is too hot. You’d better _______ it right now. [吉林]
A. do not drink B. not to drink C. not drink D. not drinking
7. We’ll do what we can _________ you with your English study. [徐州]
A. to help B. help C. be helped D. be helping
8. The light of this room was ______ dim for Tom _______ read last night. [吉林]
A. too; to B. enough; to C. too; not to D. not enough; to
9. I would prefer to spend the weekend at home ________ shopping. [呼和浩特]
A. to go B. to going C. not to go D. rather than go
10. — Do you like sports?
—Sure, I’m looking forward to________ the 28th Olympic Games ______ in Greece this August on TV. [煙臺(tái)]
A. watch; to be held B. watching; being held
C. watching; to be held D. watch; held
Keys: 1. A 2. A 3. C 4. A 5. D 6. B 7. A 8. A 9. B 10. C
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